My Big Fat Gypsy Wedding - 1314 Words

My Big Fat Gypsy Wedding 1. The main gender roles that are described include the males job is to being the bread winner, which means he provides the financial support and the females’ job is to stay home to look after the kids and do the house work. The male is the dominant one in a family, if a female is not just married her father is dominant but when she gets married the dominance is transferred to her husband. When the father gives his daughter away at the wedding, which means he’s giving up control and dominance of his daughter to her husband. An example of the husbands having dominance is that the wife has to ask for approval to drink alcohol. The woman’s role is to dress to impress, for they can’t approach men so they try to†¦show more content†¦6. Our social status is determined by wealth, which means it depends on our family’s economic status. Economic status includes upper class, middle class (upper mid and lower mid), lower class and unemployed. Alfie left school and started making his own for he believes â€Å"a man has to make his own way in the world.† Seeing his father become so wealthy it encouraged Alfie to want the same. Alfie has hired someone to drive him from door to door to start earning his fortune. Alfie was born into wealth, he grew up in a house that had 23 rooms not including bathrooms. Whereas on the other end of the scale there is George. He lives in a small caravan and grabs every penny he can get. He goes hawking, this means he goes door to door to sell anything but is usually unsuccessful. This shows that depending on where you grow up And what type of family you’re born into you are either successful or unsuccessful. The wealthier you’re the higher the chance people will buy from you. You’re place in society is already created for you when you’re born. 7. Early friendship helps children learn how to negotiate and relate to others. Peer groups teaches us how to cooperate and socialise according to group norms. Peer groups can easily influence what someone values, knows, wears, eats and learns. Peer groups are important to socialisation for it teaches them what is right, wrong andShow MoreRelatedGypsy Culture799 Words   |  4 PagesGypsies are an ethnic group, scattered throughout Europe and North America, who maintain a nomadic way of life in industrialized societies. They migrated from Northern India in around the 14th century and pride themselves on maintaining all elements of traditional gypsy culture. The most significant differences between my life and that experienced by Gypsy adolescents are evident in their family life, gender roles, educations and traditions. The family life of gypsies is very different from myRead MoreGender Representation Of The Media1549 Words   |  7 Pagesthe Mail Online from January 2014 titled â€Å"Kate sloshed!After vodka, champagne and  £70 bottles of wine, birthday girl declares: ‘I may be 40, but I still know how to party’†. The second text I am analysing is from the Channel 4 programme â€Å"My Big Fat Gypsy Weddings† which is shown at 9pm. The episode is in series 1 called â€Å"Boys will be boys† which aired on February 8th 2011. In the Kate Moss article the text has created a realistic world within the text as it is reporting about real life events. HoweverRead MoreDiscrimination : An Understanding Of The Term Discrimination2086 Words   |  9 Pagesbecomes and outgroup in the first place. Research suggests this is because people with power and money dictate the ‘norms’ of society and all that do not fit with these suggested ‘norms’ becomes outgroups for example Muslim and Gypsy communities. It could be said that Gypsy communities, as well as being perpetuated by the media, choose to be a resilient outgroup as they do not want to conform to culture and cultural ‘norms’ and therefore become categorised as part of an outgroup that do not fit in

The Marketing Plan Of Primark Essay - 1191 Words

Introduction: Primark, as a part of Associated British Foods, is a fashionable brand in Europe. It owns at least 300 stores over United Kingdom, Germany, Austria, Belgium, Spain, Netherlands and Portugal. Primark in which located in Ireland, is basically operating a sale of clothing and household supplies with approximately 60000 employees. The mission of Primark can be described as â€Å"with a unique combination of the latest fashion and lean operations, Primark offers customers quality, up-to-the-minute designs at value- for-money prices† (abf, 2013). Based on that, it can be seen that low cost and high quality is one of the most representative characteristics in public. With the blooming development of Primark, it plans to expand their business into new markets in other countries such as China, America and Japan although it is still pending concerning different risks. Taiwan as a smaller city, not only does Taiwanese takes delight in receiving a variety of cultures, but also pleasantly surprised in Primark’s products. In this report, it will aim to assess whether the Primark expands their businesses to Taiwan. During the report, it will focus on how the investment will be successful in Taiwan by pointing out competitive advantages of Primark and analyzing the potential problems and issues of expansion, then some references would be cited during the assignment before the conclusion made. In order to evaluate whether Primark is able to survive in Taiwan, it is supposed to takeShow MoreRelatedTask-1. 1.1Identify What Type Of Organization Is Primark1178 Words   |  5 PagesTask-1 1.1 Identify what type of organization is Primark and discuss its purpose. In addition identify and discuss the purpose of one organization within the following categories The purpose of an organization is not the response to the interrogation; what can you do? And which systematically concentrates on commodity, work and customized. And it’s find out three important purpose which stated below Source: Business Types (Own Design) Public Sector (Non-Profitable): Organization purpose is theRead MorePrimark Company Report1506 Words   |  7 Pagesmarket segment 7.0 Competitor profile amp; marketing methods 8.0 Employment practices amp; investing in people 9.0 External influences which impact on the business and your role in the business 10.0 Products amp; Services 11.0 Conclusion and Opportunities APPENDIX 1 1.0 Introduction Primark Stores Ltd. Is a value fashion retailer that was founded in 1969 and operates as a subsidiary of Associated British Foods plc. Primark sell a wide variety of product from clothing to homewareRead MoreIntroduction:. The Project Research Is All About The Implementing1103 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction: The project research is all about the implementing CSR activities within organizations to meet sustainable objectives. 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Risk and Control in market entry Souse: Doole and Lowe (2012, 220) Primark is a large Irish clothing retailer and it isRead MoreTaking a Look at Primark1488 Words   |  6 PagesPrimark is an Irish retailing company that is widely established in the value fashion sector. The company is a subsidiary of ABF plc (Associated British Foods) and its main headquarters are in Dublin, Ireland, where the first store opened on Mary Street in 1969 under the trading name Penneys. Primark now operates in 9 countries, 268 stores, in Ireland (branded as Penneys), the United Kingdom, Spain, the Netherlands, Portugal, Germany, Belgium, Austria and France. The company employs more than 48Read MorePrimark3404 Words   |  14 Pagesabout marketing concept, its important and critically evaluates the nature, role and vale of marketing activities of Primark retail store. Marketing concept is an ever learning and never ending concept. Marketing plays a vital role in any organization’s success. The concept of marketing is being redefined all the time. In early days people used to think the function of marketing is nothing but the establishment of contact between the seller and the customer (Cherington, 1920). But marketing hasRead MoreIs Toronto The Most Youthful City Among 25 Cities?1775 Words   |  8 Pages(Toronto, 2014). That is clearly an advantage, because Primark has focused the strategy on young people (under 35’s). For that reason, demographic factors are analysed in Toronto, and two major trends in psychographic segmentation are discussed. 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Analyzing the marketing requiresRead MoreMarketing Management : Business Studies2586 Words   |  11 Pages School of Business and Law MARKETING MANAGEMENT Department: BA (Honours) Business Studies LEVEL4 Name: Sreedevi Sreekandan Nair Sasikala Student ID: B0283DHGDHG0415 Assessor: Ellie Semsar Date of submission: 22th June 2015 Academic year: April – June 2015 Semester/trimester: 1st TABLE OF CONTENT Section Page No 1. Introduction 3 2. Meaning and Role of STPRead MorePrimark3530 Words   |  15 PagesPrimark Case Study Contents: 1: Exclusive Summary 2: Brand Introduction 3: Task 1: Target Market 4: Task 2: Environmental Analysis 5: Task 3: Growth Strategies With Respect To 6: Task 5: Poster Design For Advertising Campaign 7: Task 7: Ethics 8: Appendix 9: Reference Exclusive Summary: This marketing report will provide an integrated marketing campaign for Primark to expand its businesses to Boston, the USA, and Milan, Italy. It will use relevant marketing theories and strategies,

Man on the Moon II The Legend of Mr. Rager by Kid Cudi free essay sample

Kid Cudi has garnered a vast amount of hype for his sophomore album to follow up the classic, Man on the Moon: End of Day. We all presumed that the album would be â€Å"darker† than his previous work, but the Legend of Mr. Rager is a very unique piece of art that Cudi has produced. We don’t know much about the Legend of Mr. Rager, but we have a good idea of who he is. Though Kid doesn’t express as much emotion into this album as he does into previous, his beats are gloomier and his lyrics are more to the point and catchy. His hooks are fatally catchy, and his beats are perfect for his flow; Cudi even creatively fits beautiful guitar riffs into some of his songs like Trapped in my Mind and Marijuana. The only thing I don’t like about the album is that Cudi doesn’t have as many sick lines as he did on End of Day, the best verse you will find of the album is Kanye’s verse on Erase Me. We will write a custom essay sample on Man on the Moon II: The Legend of Mr. Rager by Kid Cudi or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Overall, the album is a DEFINITE BUY, it will take a minute to get used to the album but you will fall in love with Kid Cudi if you haven’t already. Scott Mescudi vs. The World: 9/10 – Prefect way to start an album with the â€Å"In My Dreams† sample at the beginning REVOEVO 8/10 – Very creative song, but gets old Don’t Play This Song 8/10 – Takes patience to like this song, but it’s very emotional and deep We Aite (Wake Your Mind Up) – 6/10 nice beat Marijuana 10/10 – Easily the best song on the album, I can’t understand him at all but it’s amazing. (Love the End XD) Mojo So Dope 7/10 – Eh, could be better. Ashin’ Kusher 9/10 – The album begins to pick up a little more, this is very fun song to listen to in the car Erase Me 10/10 – More great rock samples, perfect hook, and great verses. Kanye kind of steals to show though Wild’n Cuz Im Young 10/10 – My theme song , Cudi has great verses, listen closely. The Mood 8/10 – Great Song. Disturbing†¦ but very good MANIC 9/10 – Kid Cudi really likes the dark haha Mr. Rager 10/10 –For some reason, you feel lifted up at the end of the song. It has a lot of classic soul to it These Worries 10/10 – You see Cudi’s beautiful struggle through this song, amazing. Mary J. Blige is flawless and a perfect feature The End 10/10 – Pure Hip-hop, GLC and Chip have crazy lyrics in the song, that make picture their scenario All Along 10/10 – Next best song of the album, perfect, pure soul. Makes you think about life when you are down. Ghost! – 4/10 – Not good at all compared to the other songs Trapped in My Mind 10/10 – Perfect song, the chorus will replay through your head as you start feeling better about something. Great guitar riffs and amazing chorus; perfect way to conclude the album

Ideology and American Television Analysis of Nip/Tuck Essay Example

Ideology and American Television: Analysis of Nip/Tuck Paper Anything Goes as Long as the System Never Changes Introduction The best form of fantasy is a depiction of what we covet and cannot attain, as mere viewers. As a result, most television series will depict fantasy as a form of entertainment, and it is usually labeled the â€Å"American Dream. † Achieving the American Dream without sacrifice, however, is unrealistic and suggests an ideal in itself. There is always a price to pay to become self-made and successful, and this type of sacrifice becomes be the grounds for a familiar subtext, much like the subtext in the series Nip/Tuck. Incorporating satirical comedic content and ethical dilemmas, the two surgeons around whom the series revolves, each represent their own ideological delivery systems. The two characters often collide, and question the values and importance of the American dream, and of success. Dr. ’s Troy and McNamara each represent polar opposites who use questionable means to an end, and end up representing both a modern approach to television, which involves nihilism and disloyalty to only one ideology, and justifying flexible values as a representation of modern life. Additionally, the Dr. ’s question what the viewer may see as positive, or negative, by corrupting values and ideologies otherwise commonly accepted, such as family, ethical practice, greed and fidelity. Ultimately, however, the plot does not stray far from the norm, no matter how much superficial distraction is incorporated. Blood and gore equal success – the satirical content behind the thirst for glamour and success One of the most shocking, yet consistent themes in Nip/Tuck is the unforgiving visuals of surgical procedures. We will write a custom essay sample on Ideology and American Television: Analysis of Nip/Tuck specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Ideology and American Television: Analysis of Nip/Tuck specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Ideology and American Television: Analysis of Nip/Tuck specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Although it is plastic surgery, the depth in which Nip/Tuck creators go to depict every aspect of these procedures seems to have an impact both on the meaning, and the ideological views the show portrays. Vanity being the most common motivation for plastic surgery, the question posed to the audience is–does this turkey-carving type of surgery really justify the means to becoming a better looking, better feeling person. I think that the reason behind depicting the horror-film style gore may not only be a critical view of plastic surgery, but also contributes to the satirical nature of the show. There is often an ironic musical score in the background as the surgeons begin to slice open faces and torsos, without any hesitation what so ever. This cold disconnect from performing invasive and grueling procedures to vain and vacuous clientele epitomizes the subconscious message of how we, as Americans, view the importance of achieving the dream. Although plastic surgery is seen as somewhat controversial, it is also a type of glamorous privilege associated with American culture. Perhaps rubbing all of the blood and gore in our faces is a way of conveying that message, without shame. We, as viewers, can watch it, and are almost desensitized to it, because it not only embodies what we have already accepted as a natural part of life, but it is also something appealing that symbolizes our consumerist nature. Nothing could be more blatant, in terms of consumerism, than actual physical mutilation, which also happens to be a privilege unattainable to most. This depiction of the shallowest parts of American culture feeds into the â€Å"deceptive notion of how the world works, an ideology favoring the rich and powerful while deluding the majority of the population† (Mittell 276). Surprisingly, however, both the ironic nature of this theme, and the fascination with glamour do not contradict one another. While watching Nip/Tuck, I had expected to find some sort of disgust with the two main characters and disdain for their practice, however, as much as I found some of the irony amusing, I still couldn’t help but be fascinated and even justify some of the surgical procedures being done. After all, plastic surgery and glamour do seem to go hand in hand, and both are directly liked to financial gain. This seems to be a simple equation that equals to the American Dream. However, there is still some sort of imbalance in the message portrayed in Nip/Tuck; the viewer is still confronted with some unsettling and somewhat shocking, outlandish sequences of events depicted. This aspect of the show, as the unthinkable is eased in to the plot, is what forms the satirical nature of Nip/Tuck. There are often controversial and disturbing themes integrated into the plot, which makes it difficult for the audience to comprehend in which way these themes fit into their own cultural context (Mittell 290). Conflict and the American man – family and ethics vs. reedom and deviation In coherence with its ideological representation, both protagonists of Nip/Tuck are male, they are surgeons and, therefore, have to be male. There can be no deviation from the expectations of the viewer, as outrageous as the content of the program may be, the skeletal structure of typical American television ideology remains and gender roles are maintained. Therefor, the ethical quest ions raised in the plot are often related to the audience only via the male protagonist’s perspective. Both protagonists represent both sides of the American male’s conundrum: Dr. McNamara, who is the devoted family man and Dr. Troy who is the irresponsible, philandering playboy. Both, however, seem to constantly be battling with their life choices, and seem to encompass two radical sides of one male character. Furthermore, as the plot progresses, the ideological standards behind each character are questioned, and corrupted. Dr. McNamara, the family man, ends up losing his family and committing the most predictable violation of trust within his marriage, by having an affair with one of his patients. Dr. Troy, the playboy, eventually comes to terms with his inexcusable behavior and maltreatment of women, and tries to compensate for his cruelty by adopting a child. As a viewer I found the message behind this ideological corruption less disturbing then it seemed, superficially. Losing respect for the false values of an ethical man, and gaining respect for those values of the typical violator still did not dissuade me from making the connection to the same values of consumerism and naturalized conformity depicted to begin with. There is no questioning the means to an end when it comes to achieving wealth and success in a world where money can fix anything, even interpersonal problems. This value is precisely the hidden message within the American Dream, because the line between the freedom and amorality can be so easily blurred. As viewers we are demanded to feel empathy toward Dr. Troy, no matter how profound his cruelty towards others is. Dr. Troy is constantly humiliating women, and often humiliating his friends, however all can be forgiven, because, after all, he was molested as a child. Not to mention he does posses extraordinary physical beauty, which also reinforces consumerist, superficial ideologies regarding how we respect and admire a character. Dr. McNamara, on the other hand is constantly struggling with his masculinity; fighting the stigmas that equate ethical behavior to a lack of backbone (commonly known as femininity) and his greed for success and sexual freedom. Ultimately, both characters cannot survive without each other, and they both represent the classical model of conflict depicted with achieving success. The â€Å"Rosebud† effect is often the center of plot culmination throughout Nip/tuck, as Dr. ’s Troy and McNamara are constantly struggling with each other, and with themselves over the sacrifices being made in order to maintain their business, and earning as much money as possible. Both characters are at ease and cooperation in one setting alone–the hunger for cash. Otherwise, Dr. troy will be endlessly envious of Dr. McNamara’s family and intimacy, and Dr. McNamara, on the other hand, will be terminally ridden with jealousy over Dr. Troy’s numerous sexual conquests. Ultimately, any flaw in character and conduct can always be forgiven, as long as the need to succeed is maintained. Dr. McNamara will still be a good provider, and Dr. Troy will always be a loyal partner. They are both self-made men, living the dream. Nothing is ever good enough, and no amount of success is ever sufficient; more sacrifices must be made. This aspect of Nip/Tuck epitomizes, although ironically, the quest for success within televised American culture, and is something viewers can easily identify with. Gender and sexuality – spineless Julia, ballsy Liz and other afflictions of gender based stereotyping As Nip/Tuck revolves endlessly around the imperfections of the human body, and the importance of vanity and superficiality, there is some room for redemption. The anchoring character who humanizes both main characters is Julia, the wife of Dr. McNamara, and the eternal love interest of Dr. Troy. Julia is a housewife with little aspirations other than going to Yoga-Pilates and poorly parenting both of her upper-middle-class, affected children. However, Julia is still a representation of everything that is feminine and maternal, and the cause for much of the two Dr. ’s personal struggles for acceptance. Despite her flaws, both physically and emotionally, Julia seems to be the only thing that can redeem her fellow protagonists. Julia is the shelter in the storm, and, at the same time, represents the frailty of life as she is the only maternal figure in the show and is the mother of both characters’ children. Julia sustains her fellow protagonists’ survival, and can also facilitate their demise. Although she is a pivotal character in the show, and ends up destroying both protagonists by inflicting broken hearts, she is still incapable of emerging as a strong female sub-character. Julia, as a character, is still intrinsically a part of the ongoing ideological theme, and is nothing but a helpless woman in a world of corrupt men. Julia’s role within the show is yet another reinforcement to social constructs within television â€Å"by linking masculinity with a professional role, and femininity with domesticity† (Mittell 331). Julia only really possesses some form of pseudo power over the protagonists, and she never takes advantage of it. Julia always gives up and stays compliant, often so much as to be depicted as a complete flake and lack any true backbone. Julia’s only real claim to personal empowerment comes when she finally leaves Dr. McNamara, and the clutches of her long forbidden flame, Dr. Troy, and runs into the arms of a rich and powerful gay woman, where she once again assumes her role as a housewife. This monotony in Julia’s character, despite some controversial, superficial fluxes, accommodates classic gender role stereotyping in American television. The female role does not end with Julia, however. Julia’s antithesis, Liz, plays a key role in Nip/Tuck as she represents female empowerment, even if only superficially. Liz is an anesthesiologist who works for Dr. ’s Troy and McNamara, and often displays brave and ethical behavior throughout the show. As if by chance, Liz is gay, and therefore is excused for her masculine line of work and strength of character. It seems almost absurd that the only woman with a real sense of self is a slightly masculine, gay woman, thereby not disturbing the equilibrium of televised gender expectations. Once again, conforming to the almost archaic ideology, which is the foundation for the plot of Nip/Tuck. Not only does Liz maintain the gender stereotypes, she is also eventually made to debate her true sexual identity as the series progresses. After assuming the more maternal role later on in the series, and caring for the personal interests of Dr. ’s Troy and McNamara, she eventually succumbs to her sexual desires for Dr. Troy, which, in tern, demolishes her original sexual identity. As if to make her character more palatable to the viewer, she undergoes a process to become a quasi-heterosexual. Ultimately, both main female characters Liz and Julia do nothing but support the portrayal of â€Å"the cultural norms of ideologically ‘proper’ sexual roles at any given cultural moment† (Mittell 340). Conclusion Despite the rigorous use of shocking and unusual scenarios within the Nip/Tuck plot, there is always a comforting conclusion that is based on mainstream ideologies, which seldom differ from classical structuring of American television. Nip/Tuck does include a slew of controversial, cultural concepts, yet the ideology on which the plot is based only offers raditional solutions to all of them. The question of gender equality is addressed, and then carefully dismissed. Women never do prevail as strong influential characters within the series. Even the many attempts to dabble with same-sex relations always concludes with some sort of quasi-heterosexual transformation of the character in question, or just pornography-inspired lesbianism, in which both partner s (Julia and her lover, for example) are beautiful and oversexed. Furthermore, the integrity and ethical responsibilities of both Dr. s is always flexible to the point of amorality. Yet both Dr. ’s seem to bounce back as characters of redeeming qualities, as they still support their roles of patriarchal and success-driven individuals. Like cowboys in an old western movie, the protagonists of Nip/Tuck can go as far as committing crime, as long as they stay true to their cause and win in the end. No amount of character corruption can ever be enough to divert the viewer from the naturalized, unconscious beliefs that stand for televised cultural norms. Due to the unbendable, nonnegotiable foundations of each character and their roots in classic American television norms, no real ideological violation is ever made. Finally, the irony in which Nip/Tuck resorts to in order to establish hints of dark humor is never deep enough to allow true cultural criticism. The backbone of the naturalized ideology is never compromised, and the viewer will never feel too uncomfortable. References: Mittell, Jason. â€Å"Screening America,† â€Å"Representing Identity. †Ã‚  Television and American Culture. New York: Oxford UP, 2010. Print.

Litigation, mediation, dispute, process from state to supreme court essays

Litigation, mediation, dispute, process from state to supreme court essays Pursuing a claim through the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission ("EEOC") begins with the logical requirement of having the complainant actually file the charge in a given case. This charge can filed in person, by phone, or by mail at a local EEOC office, or by calling a toll-free national line if there is no local EEOC office. The charge, if it pertains to a claim based on Title VII of the Civil Rights Act, The Americans with Disabilities Act ("ADA"), or the Age Discrimination in Employment Act ("ADEA"), must be filed within 180 days of the offense that has given rise to the complainant's charge ("Filing a Claim"). After the claim is filed, the EEOC will investigate and evaluate the degree to which the claim does or does not seem justified. If the claim seems reasonable and is allowed to continue with the EEOC's support than a variety of options are possible. One possibility is that the claim itself may never proceed to trial, but would instead end up in some form of Alternative Dispute Resolution ("ADR"), such as mediation. In this case, the EEOC requires that both parties agree to a mediation proceeding, in which a qualified third-party would sit-in to hear the claim in question and decide on a reasonable settlement for the parties. Mediation is often advantageous, because it avoids long legal battles and related expensive legal fees. Businesses often like mediation as well, because the payout of a settlement in mediation does not actually qualify as an admission of guilt in relation to any laws and the amount of the settlement is not a If ADR is not pursued and the EEOC does handle the claim, then the matter would not typically be handled in local courts. I suppose it is possible that some states' Superior Court might be able to hear such claims, if there are local and state laws regarding Employment Discrimination that are applicable. In such cases, it mi ...

The Latin Word for Breathe Inspired Many English Terms

The Latin Word for Breathe Inspired Many English Terms The Latin Word for Breathe Inspired Many English Terms The Latin Word for Breathe Inspired Many English Terms By Mark Nichol The Latin verb spirare, meaning â€Å"breathe,† is the source of a number of verbs (and other parts of speech). Here’s a summary of these words and their meanings. Aspire literally means â€Å"breathe on†; the connotation is that one breathes heavily with the exertion of aspiring to a goal. The modern sense of aspire is â€Å"try to be or do something,† and the noun form aspirant refers to someone who is a candidate or contestant. To conspire (the word literally means â€Å"breath together†) is to plot, or plan a scheme with others. Plotters are also called conspirators, and conspiracy is a synonym for plot. Expire means â€Å"breathe out† but usually connotes the end of an offer or of a product’s shelf life; the noun form is expiration. (In Latin, expirare also meant â€Å"die,† and this sense carried over into English, although it is now rare.) The literal meaning of inspire is â€Å"breathe in†; the figurative sense derived from the idea that a deity breathes life into a mortal. The verb and the noun now chiefly pertain to that sense- of having an emotion or a feeling that prompts one to create or to cause something to happen. (An inspiration can also be someone or something that has a role in the accomplishment of a creative act or an event.) Perspire, meaning â€Å"breathe through,† is associated with the production of sweat; the noun form is perspiration. The verb respire (literally, â€Å"breathe again†) is rare, but the noun form respiration, which refers to the breathing cycle of inhaling oxygen into the body and exhaling carbon dioxide, is common. Suspire (literally, â€Å"breathe under†) is a rare synonym for sigh. Transpire, which literally means â€Å"breathe (or evaporate) across,† refers to evaporation of water from leaves (a process called transpiration) but has, by extension, come to mean â€Å"become known† as well as â€Å"happen† or â€Å"occur,† now the predominant senses of the word. Two technical terms derived from the Latin root are spirant, a linguistic term for a breathy consonant, and spirometer, the name of a device for measuring lung capacity; the principle is called spirometry. Finally, a related term is spirit. The word has multiple meanings: It became associated with divine power (see the reference to the figurative sense of inspire above) and, by extension, came to pertain to one’s character or nature, or the essential principle of something, and to denote courage, enthusiasm, or vigor. (Also based on the supernatural sense, it serves as a synonym for ghost.) In addition, it acquired in alchemy an association with volatile substances and ultimately came to be applied to alcoholic beverages. (Spire, referring to a tapering element such as the pinnacle of a tower, comes from an unrelated word for a sharp point; spear, however, is cognate with spire. Spiral, likewise, is unrelated both to the -spire family of words and to spire and spear.) Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Using "a" and "an" Before Words7 Tips for Writing a Film ReviewApostrophe with Plural Possessive Nouns

Apply Design Guidelines to Human-Computer Interaction Methods Essay - 1

Apply Design Guidelines to Human-Computer Interaction Methods - Essay Example The information herein is usually tipped on the interface through the use icons while others are contained in the menu among other features. Nonetheless, the contextual texts help in facilitating to explain controls, functions, and processes. Additionally, the web design shall employ the use of icon, menu, and tooltips to help the user interact effectively and conveniently with the user. Moreover, there will be the use of hyperlinks to link users to others related information. Finally, there will be the use of the system message to inform the user of the system state at any point of the work or the error conditions that may be made in the entry boxes. It should be noted that the design will employ the hypertext since the application and usability website to be designed will be used everywhere around the globe that will also engulf hypertext markup language. There are numerous online Documentations, and the commonly used online documentation is the online help. Regardless of the interface designing, some help facilities are often considered and incorporated into the design. The commonly used help methods that shall be incorporated in the web design include that contextual help, procedural help, referential help, and the conceptual help. Notably, these helper methods are top deployed since they are highly compatible with the Microsoft that may users are likely to use in using the website designed. In addition, each of these helpful resources has a distinct format that must be incorporated as well as spelling the how the text contained in each should be written. Furthermore, their formats often range from short phrases to lengthy explanation depending on the text help method in use. As had been mentioned, the Hypertext often serves two vital roles in defining the protocols that help in defining the Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) (Heim, 2008) and the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) both of which play significant roles  in the functionality and usability of the World Wide Web.  

Service line Development Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Service line Development - Term Paper Example Its dedicated medical staff guarantees quality healthcare to the community. However, the declining volume of patients has led to losses this year. An orthopedic service is important in a hospital; however, trinity community hospital lacks this service line. Lack of this service makes it prone to competition, especially from regional hospital, which has a 350-bed facility inclusive of strong orthopedic services. Trinity community hospital is a 150-bed facility, and therefore, to stand at a competitive advantage, the hospital needs to develop an orthopedic service line through building, buying, or leasing. According to the case study, 5000 square foot is required for the orthopedic service line; construction will cost $120 per square foot, while price for building is $700,000. The rate of lease is $20 per square foot. The hospital management is also expected to cater for repair costs and taxes as well. This essay will discuss whether the best option for the hospital is to build, buy, o r lease space for the new orthopedic service line. Service Line Development Advantages of Building space for the new orthopedic service line Currently, building adjacent to the hospital will cost $700,000; however, the campus is running out of space to expand. Needless to say, the constructed building will have depreciable life of 20years. Despite the high expenses of building a service line, the hospital will have the opportunity to suggest its plan, which is not the case when leasing an already built building. According to Neducin, Krkljes & Folic (2010, p.294), hospital facilities should comprise of a friendly environment, which is inviting and attractive. Such an environment is less stressful for recovering patients, and contains outdoor spaces. Building a facility enables the management to choose an appropriate location where construction takes place by taking environmental factors into consideration. Today, hospitals lack a positive healing environment, as they are located on limited space, especially in urban places, and therefore, blocking the access to the green environment or landscape views, which foster quick recovery. The proposed orthopedic service line will deal with the treatment of musculoskeletal system, which consists of joints, tendons, and muscles, and as a result, such patients require a friendly environment. Building is advantageous compared to leasing space; this is because the hospital may not manage to find an amicable rental space. However, it may consider renting the building if the price if affordable. The rise in costs and the increasing competition influences healthcare facilities to find ways of increasing their market share. Trinity community hospital has chosen to add an orthopedics service line, which is aimed at improving healthcare, as well as the financial performance. In addition, when building a facility, it can be designed in the desired manner, hence avoiding conflict of interest. Finally, once the hospital builds the orthopedic facility, it officially belongs to them, and can lease any extra space available. Advantages of buying space for the new orthopedic service line When buying space, the advantage is that fixed costs are included in the contact, and therefore, the management is aware of the amount to be spent. In addition, the management can rent out additional spaces, which increase their financial returns. Buying space can be attractive, as the building is readily

Just Desert Essay Example for Free

Just Desert Essay â€Å"Just Deserts† is simply defined as the morally reassuring allocation of happy and unhappy, virtuous and the vicious characters respectively and are usually at the end of a narrative or dramatic work. (Liberman, Peter 2006). Just desert is an idiom coined by Thomas Rhymer in 1968 from the word just and desert. Just is being honorable and fair in one’s dealings and actions whereas desert is what one deserves rightly. However there are many arguments from those who are in favor and those who are against â€Å"Just Deserts†. Those in favor argue that people who work hard deserve the fruits of their labor while whose who break the rules deserve to be treated in the same way that they voluntarily choose to treat others that is if you behave well, you are entitled to good treatment from others. The central idea they put forward is that the offender gains unfair advantages through his/her behavior and punishment will set that imbalance right/straight. Citizens should enjoy the benefits of the rule of law and anyone who seeks those benefits without willing to make the necessary sacrifice of self restraint wants to be a free rider by helping himself to unfair advantages and the society/state needs to prevent this to preserve the rule of law. This is because in the event of wrong doing one who merits certain benefits loses them while one who doesn’t deserve them gains them and therefore punishment removes the underserved benefits by imposing a penalty that in some sense pays for the harm inflicted by the offense. Just desert aims to restore both victim and offender to their appropriate positions relative to each other justifying the punishment is a warranted response to past events of injustice or wrong doing and acts to reinforce ruler that have been broken and balance the scales of justice. They believe that since conflict often involves violence and many involve genocide, racial discrimination, rape, murder and torture. The perpetrators should be brought to justice and this is only accomplished through international courts or tribunals that carry out war crimes adjudication. Consequently they feel that retributive justice gives those who violate human rights law or commit crimes against humanity their â€Å"just deserts† and that punishment will reinforce the rules of international law add that it denies those who have violated those rules any unfair advantages. However, there are those who are against â€Å"just deserts† completely since they are convinced that there is a tendency to slip from retributive justice to an emphasis on revenge which is a matter of retaliation they feel that revenge will only focus on personal hurt involved and will typically rotate around anger, hatred, bitterness and resentment. Such emotions are very destructive since they lead to overreaction and therefore the resulting punishments can be excessive and might cause antagonism. In addition, punishments which usually dictated by revenge will automatically not satisfy the principles of proportionality or consistency (Rachels, James. , (1997). This is because vengeance leads to punishment and vary according to the degree of anger provoked. This will ultimately mean that wrongs that do not provoke anger will receive no response while those acts that provoke a great deal of anger will on the other hand provoke and overly intense response. These responses which are dictated by emotions usually may lead to reciprocal acts of violence. This are normally thought to occur mostly in regions where there were past injustices done to the locals who re otherwise living together in harmony and if punishments which are dictated by vengeance are given resentments of past injustices may motivate people who otherwise live peacefully engage in torture and slaughter of neighbors identified are members of groups who committed past atrocities. This will provoke devastating inter group violence in the form of mass killing which further leads to more harm and downward spiral of violence. Overly harsh punishments brings/evokes feelings of hatred, increases the level of harm done, additionally, in an atmosphere of heightened violence, the room for forgiveness and apologies is closed or very little. In this event many of those who oppose â€Å"just deserts† believe that the victims should not seek revenge since this will in turn make them new victimizers but instead they should forgive the offenders and in the end cycle of the offence is discontinued. Furthermore, they feel that forgiveness does not and will not take the place of justice or punishments, nor does it rule out giving the wrong doer his/her â€Å"just deserts†. In summary, both arguments for and against â€Å"just deserts† suggest that punishments should fit the errors that is like cases be treated alike and that the wrong doer wholly deserves blame and punishment proportionate to the harm inflicted. However, thou against feel that formal institutions with trained judiciaries are best equipped to carry out just retribution and that such institution can effectively bring the offenders to justice by giving them punishment they deserve. They continue to say that truth and reconciliation commissions play an integral role especially trials for war crimes can convert the desire for revenge into state managed punishment that is proportional and fair. However, they warn that incases of large scale violence such trials are ineffective but propose restorative justice through reparations and compensation. References: Gragg, Wesley (1992). The practice of punishment towards a theory of restorative justice (New York, Routledge, 15. Liberman, Peter 2006. An eye for an eye public support for war against evil doers. International organization Rachels, James (1997) â€Å"punishment and Desert† in ethics in practice, ed Hugh Lafollette Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishers,

The Gang Issue of America Essay -- Legal Issues, Crimes

Gangs are very dangerous to everyone in society. â€Å"Gangs are groups of people (mostly young males) who band together for protection and a sense of belonging. The U.S. Department of Justice officially defines a youth gang as a group of young people involved in criminal activity† (Gangs 1). About one million gang members are in more than 20,000 criminally active gangs in the United States. Also, that group of about one million people is accountable for up to eighty percent of our nation’s crimes. Since 2005, gangs have nationally added about 200,000 members to the already high total (Targeting Gangs 1). This is why more action from the community needs to be taken to help with the growing gang-related crimes here in America. Additionally, what kinds of people are in gangs? To begin with, Latinos make up forty-nine percent of gang member population; African-Americans, thirty-four percent; White, ten percent; Asian, six percent; and the other one percent is just the â€Å"other† category (â€Å"Facts About Gangs† 109). Also in 1996, the National Youth Gang Survey stated that members of gangs were fifty percent adolescents (under eighteen years of age) and fifty percent were adults (eighteen or older). In that survey during 2006, the number of juveniles dropped to only being thirty-six and one half percent of members, on the other hand, the percentage of adult gang members consisted of sixty-three and one half percent of the gang population (Gangs 1-2). Gang members wear similar types of clothing; which is a T-shirt, tennis shoes, and either nicely creased blue jeans or khaki Dickies (baggy men's pants or shorts). Also a member usually has a patterned bandana hanging out of his back pocket; also around his pants is a cloth belt that almost re... ... possible that gangs and gang violence will be stopped completely. With help from the communities in every city and town it is possible to stop and decrease the excessive number of gang members and gang-related crimes. We need to remember that there are many possible ways to help decrease the population size of gangs in America. Some different alternatives to being in a gang are alternatives in the school and community, educational programs for parents and children, and arresting some hard-core gang members and leaders. It is necessary for the safety of the future American citizens to start the process of controlling and containing gangs now. Without helping stop gang membership, America will become more violent and dangerous for innocent people. This is why more action from the community needs to be taken to help with the growing gang-related crimes in America.

Analysis of Country School

Country School – Allen Curnow By Abdulla Al-Muhannadi In this poem ‘Country School’, Curnow basks in reminiscence of his old school where he drifts away in recalling his childhood. As this poem re? ects childhood reminiscence, the narrator seems to realise that things aren’t as dull and bad as they seemed before, along with the portrayal of the overall issue of ageing. However, the tone of the narrator seems to sway between enthusiastic and apathetic as there are many times when the tones seem to differ between two extremes. The persona is describing a country school that seems to be somewhat dilapidated in condition. The vivid image drawn by the alliterative phrase ‘paint all peeled’ supports the fact that the school is indeed deteriorating. ‘Tufts topping’ enables the reader to visualise a country school architecture, with ‘pinus tufts’ on its ‘roof ridge’, establishing an image of a typical country school. Through the usage of colloquial language, these vivid images hold more detail then one might think they do at ? rst. For instance, the word ‘dunny’ evolves a picture of local Australian toilets enlightening the audience to the smallest of details. Furthermore, ‘girls squeal skipping’ conjures up an auditory image as the little children are playing around him (supported by the sibilance). Several kinds of onomatopoeia help to describe what the persona is experiencing. THe ? uid ‘r’ sounds in ‘rank’ and ‘roof-ridge’ help to integrate the ideas, linking them and helping form a wider image of the country school. Also, the ‘b’ sounds in ‘bargeboard, weatherboard’ and ‘gibbet belfry’ calls attention to the detailed observation, helping build up a solid image. Curnow employs parallelism as well as repetition in order to create links in this poem. The parallel comparison, or contrast, of ‘how small; how sad’, draws a link with how he seems to be recalling his days back in school. The passing of time and his ageing is revelaed as the very doors that seemed huge from a child’s point of view, are now described as being rather ‘small’. The persona refers to himself as a third person and this is deduced through the repetition of the word ‘you’. Perhaps the persona had a rough time reconnecting with his old school that he felt more comfortable referring to himself as a third person rather than ? rst. The rhyme scheme is irregular; perhaps something that re? cts his irregular pattern of this recollection of memories. It also reveals the lack of assurance, and the hard time he seems to have re-adjusting to his past. ALthough is does follow an imperfect rhyme scheme (e. g. topping-skipping; waves-eaves; than-began; small-wall), the ? uctuating rhymes and discordant sounds allows the audienc e to notice his discomfort while revisiting his school. Curnow has made use of an unstable structure (so to speak), for the poem doesn’t hold a constant number of stanzas, rather it begins with 3 and 5-lined stanzas and ends with two 4-lined stanzas. This growth of stability, signi? ed by the proper structure of the last two stanzas, re? ects the growth or the increase in the poet’s clarity of understanding. It’s as though he ? nally realised that the very things that were unsettling or intimidating to him as a child (e. g. ‘terrible doors’) are not as bad as they looked. This minor epiphany seems to be mimicked by the structure of the poem itself. Similarly, the narrator seems to get distracted momentarily and this can be shown in the second stanza after ‘Pinus betrays’. While observing the pinus he drifts away into talking about how they function. However, he does get back on track in the third stanza (‘for scantling pinus’) as his focus shifts back to the tall trees that seem to be guarding the school. There is the use of enjambment as well: ‘‘paint all peeled on bargeboard’, ‘scattering bravely Nor’ West gale’, etc. This suggests the pace at which the narrator seems to be remembering his past and the sense of excitement is established with this upbeat pace. The poet employs colloquial language, chie? y to perhaps connect with his audience and communicate on an informal level by talking about something as casual as ‘school’. Gibbet belfry’ would be an example of his simplistic yet local language helping the reader further visualise the school and its locality in detail. The idea that the school started along with the persona himself brings into notice that it might not be as old as one would think. ‘you call it old’ further suggests that he i s merely just referring to the school as being ‘old’ when it’s not in actuality. The idea of ageing has been linked to the pinus trees that grow mature ‘in less than the life of a man’. This line suggests that the time period for a tree to gain maturity is lesser than the time taken for humans. The word ‘scantling’ further backs this idea for as it describes the measurement of the maturity of the tree and to deduce its time of harvest. Similarly, the word ‘terrible’ implies that the poet wasn’t actually fond of the tiny doors when he was a child, and its reference as being ‘sad’ suggests its dilapidated state. It’s through words like these that the audience is able to sense a hint of unpleasantness in the poet’s past as he fails to hold an optimistic approach to this walk down memory lane. Rather the tone seems to be somber and melancholic. Furthermore, it insinuates that the narrator pities the state of his school. This poem holds a variety of ? gures of speech used and this perhaps re? ects the variety of emotions he himself goes through in this nostalgic visit to his old school. Alliterative phrases such as ‘paint peeled’, ‘roof-ridge’ and ‘tufts topping’ all help the audience in building up a vivid image of the school. A similar imagery effect is achieved through the series: ‘bargeboard, weatherboard and gibbet belfry’. Using neologism (made-up word), the phrase ‘snub-worn’ points out that the school isn’t in the best of its condition as the ? oors have worn out. The pinus trees that portray the same pace of ageing have been personi? d as they’ve been accused of betraying the school and not guarding the roof rom the rattling ‘Nor’ West gale’. However, the trees have also been described as ‘scattering bravely’, perhaps an attempt to denote the nobility of what the tree is doing for the school (by scattering the strong winds and defending the meek school structure). This task of the trees has been compared to the ‘reef’ through the analogy ‘as a reef its waves’ for the wind is scattered just as the tidal waves are scattered by the reef, drawing an interesting comparison with the two elements wind and water. In addition, the comparison of the ages between the narrator himself and the trees establishes through the usage of polyptoton (where words/phrases derived from the same root are repeated) ‘less than a life of a man’ and ‘together your lives began’ further stating the common point in time as they simultaneously began this process of ageing. The poet holds a humorous, as well as a sarcastic, tone when saying ‘O sweet antiquity’ as it’s been made clear that they’re not so old, let alone antique. Curnow has successfully, in my opinion, demonstrated through this persona, someone who seems to be in denial of growing old. It’s obvious that the narrator is just as old as the school, but we ? nd him calling the school antique, suggesting that he doesn’t feel like he’s getting older but ? nds it okay to exaggerate other’s age (sort of comedically hypocritical I would say! ). Through the poem, I’ve realised that it’s still possible to savour the past without having to hold the same perspective. In that sense, times change and so does one’s perspective, however, it doesn’t mean that things remain the same throughout and the very things that seemed unpleasant once upon a time might seem laughable now (as Curnow clearly demonstrated in the poem).

Coca Cola Organization

The Coca Cola Company, founded in 1886 in Atlanta, the United States, is the world’s largest nonalcoholic beverage company. Coca Cola currently owns and markets more than 500 beverage brands (Anonymous, 2010), including waters, sports and energy drinks, juices, tea and coffee, which are distributed in over 200 countries throughout the world.Along with Coca Cola, the company also owns Sprite, Fanta and Diet Coke, which are four of the world’s top five nonalcoholic beverage brands (Anonymous, 2010). As a company with a history of over 120 years, the Coca Cola Company now has an operating structure with seven operating segments and approximately 139,600 worldwide employees (Anonymous, 2010). Today, Coca Cola has subsidiaries around the world and has developed its own management and distribution system.The relative data and evidences shown in the following analysis will illustrate the effectiveness of the current structure model of Coca Cola and how managers of Coca Cola ap plied the hybrid structure to manage the subsidiaries in different regions efficiently and the strategy of decentralization to reduce the management cost and improve autonomy of these different departments. Furthermore, Coca Cola values its unique organizational culture and has set different mission, vision and values to guide the organization, the segments, and its teams.These invisible forces have been serving as the â€Å"Roadmap† for the company to achieve the long-term goals. In the second part of the report of the company culture, facts and stories mentioned would give examples and interpret how the â€Å"liability of a strong culture† could impact Coca Cola’s competitiveness and why it is so important for Coca Cola to understand customers’ needs in order to introduce more customer-orientated organizational culture rather than outcome-oriented culture. Organizational StructureCoca Cola is a typical complex organization by having seven operative unit s in geographic areas around the world, six functional departments being responsible for different tasks and a diversified labor force from different nations. Additionally, a combined characteristic of Mechanism and Organism is also one of most representative features of complexity. Under this structure, employees can not only improve their performance to the maximum level, but they also help the company expand global market and adapt the changing environment.The Coca Cola Company currently employs approximately 139,600 employees (Anonymous, 2010). According to a general organizational chart stemmed from the company’s website, the division of labor is based on diverse job designs which exist specific rules and regulations to direct employees and managers. There are at least 5 hierarchical levels in the corporate. At each level, for instance, one regional director supervises about 10 subordinates on average; therefore, the span of control is fairly wide.And based on the inform ation of its website, the geographic regions are broken down into the diverse units that are located round the world, which are mainly North America, Middle East, Asia, Europe, Eurasia, Latin America and finally Africa. And then, each subunit has its own organizational structure based on functional departmentalization. For example, in North America, its major departments are marketing, finance, and packaging, sales, and research and development administration.In addition to that, in terms of the division of the authority, originally, the company has a more centralized structure, which the decision is mainly made by a high-level management, and the communication is restricted due to the hierarchy of the authority. However, as Coca Cola encounters uncertain environments when it expands of its business, the organization realizes that it must meet the changing demands of its customers to win their business.Thus, Coca Cola began to push towards decentralization in the nineties and even m ore recently (Fox, 2007), which means that decisions are made on a more local level and communication can spread freely to quickly react to conspicuous market demands. Simultaneously, higher-level management can have the authority to take control of the overall strategies and concentrate on the company’s distal goal. The Coca Coca’s big success is not only due to its continuing effort on producing different beverage, but also its moderate organizational structure plays a salient role.Firstly, because the Coca Cola Company, based on the annual report, has over 400 products, the product structure seems to be too costly and unrealistic to implement. Therefore, the multidivisional structure is an appropriate structure and brings benefit for the company. A significant strength of this structure can allow the company to react to changing and uncertain environments while also maintaining a level of stability. Moreover, the specific decision and strategy can be made by regiona l managers to suit particular situation of one area without triggering some conflicts.For example, when one region wants to conduct a specific marketing promotional strategy which is not be appropriate for another region due to the diverse marketing environment, so decisions about specific marketing tactics are made closer to that region. And thirdly, within each region, the structure is mainly divided based on the functional departmentalization, and undoubtedly, communication among each functional unit’s members is free and efficient because of the same knowledge and expertise. Thus, the work and decision can be done more efficiently.Another big beauty of its structure is the mix of both centralization and decentralization to run the business. According to an article â€Å"Changes in the Organization of Work: An Empirical Assessment† stemmed from a journal of International Conference Proceedings, it concludes that a more decentralized hierarchy improves coordination a nd reduce monitoring costs. And eventually, since employees are guaranteed more flexibility from the workplaces, more job satisfaction can be acquired through more tasks autonomy and responsibilities.As a result, it will lead to complementarily effects, which productivity gains can arise. From this perspective, Coca Cola seems to get benefits from this structure change. On one hand, a centralized structure remained at top level is to help senior managers take control of power and provide a distal goal for the whole organization. On the other hand, pushing decentralization also works well in the local units. Because employees can perform tasks from beginning to the end, they can figure out problems and have opinions through the working process.And, additionally, under the decentralized structure, the communication is freely flowing. Employees are more encouraged to express opinions and provide recommendations for company’s operation at the weekly me eting, and gradually, a par ticipative and communicative environment is formed which leads to employees’ job satisfaction and organizational commitment. An article appeared in Business Europe (Bogomolny, 2004) had the following information: â€Å"According to Jon Chandler, director of communications for Europe, the responsibility for getting it right – and for profit – is firmly at the local level (p. ). † Obviously, productivity increased and company gets the profit in return via this structure. To sum up, it appears that the Coca Cola Company is pursuing for a hybrid structure, which take advantages of both mechanistic and organic structures, while trying to minimize negative effects of each. According to the research above, it seems that the organization works well after all the changes implemented. However, after the in-depth analysis of the organizational structure, one subtle recommendation can be addressed.According to â€Å"Committee on Management and Productivity†, i t is beneficial for all levels of company to put various customers’ needs into consideration when designing organizational structure So although the Coca-Cola possesses a hybrid structure, its structure does not adequately focus on the customer side. In order to delivering the best value to customers, a part of structure needs to serve the customers in terms of dividing them into different generations. The reason for this suggestion is that customers are picky and are facing abundant choices of beverage currently, and they also more care about their health. Jones, 2007) Thus, a more cautious decision will be made by customers while purchasing the beverage. Reasonably, if the Coca-Cola Company should focus more on customers to analyze their preference based on different segments, and provides adequate relevant training which guided the employees to deliver satisfied good and service to customers. Consequently, the company can produce the ideal beverage to reach the expectation of different generation, and may acquire a profitable benefit in return. Organizational CultureOne of the most important building blocks for the high success of the Coca Cola Company is its organizational culture. The culture of the Coca Cola Company is mission-driven: focused on refreshing the mind, inspiring optimism, and making a difference (thecoca-colacompany. com). This durable mission facilitates Coca Cola in creating innovation, people orientation, diversity and an aggressive culture since John Pemberton founded it in 1886. The Coca Cola Company has reached its current strong culture through decades’ effort.Employees share the common values that the company provides leadership, collaboration, integrity, accountability, passion, diversity, and quality (thecoca-colacompany. com). In 2004, the Coca Cola Company came to a reinvigorating stage. E. Neville Isdell was nominated as the new chairman of the board and CEO of the Coca Cola Company. Due to the health and wellness trend, increasing competition in the beverage industry and a series of top leadership changes, Coca Cola had been experiencing hugely decreasing soft drink sales.By engaging in an open dialogue about the company’s values and future development among 150 managers from worldwide divisions, a â€Å"new vision for the sustainable growth† has emerged (Andrew Martin, 2007). This new vision achieved an aggressive marketing strategy by refreshing the coke brand and laid particular stress on advertisement and product development (Andrew Martin, 2007). From the perspective of the dimensions of the culture, Coca Cola wants to be innovative while they are risk-averse. The company becomes more open and flexible since it gives its employees more rights.It remains aggressive at sales. Lastly, after the 2004 change, the company has become stable and gotten rid of its previous dysfunctional status (Andrew Martin, 2007). Ultimately, the company is measured by its stock value, which saw great increases through the rest of 2005 (see graph 1 in Appendix). In general, the current culture of Coca Cola Company is very effective. Based on the theory of organizational culture and effectiveness, a practical organizational culture has four fundamental traits: involvement, consistency, adaptability, and mission (Denision and Mishra, 1995).Two of these traits, involvement and consistency, are indicators of openness, flexibility and responsiveness, and are strong predictors of growth. After the changes in 2004, Coca Cola Company favors increasing face-to-face interaction, providing more constructive feedbacks and generating an ideas sharing atmosphere. All of those improvements and changes allow Coca Cola getting open and flexible. Additionally, due to organization focuses more on the opinions and thoughts from lower level of employees, and grants them power to make their own choices under certain level.The communication and awareness in Coca Cola increase from 65% to 76% (Di anne, 2008). Openness and flexibility contribute significantly to the vision of driving long-term sustainable growth by accelerating innovation and employee’s engagement and satisfaction. The other two traits, consistency and mission, are not only indicators of integration, direction and vision, but also are better predictors of profitability (Denision and Mishra, 1995). The culture of Coca Cola is guided by its enduring mission, which is to be the largest beverage company in the world since it was founded in 1886.This clear objective directs both employers and employees to create values and make differences for organization. Besides, the vision of Coca Cola, which is people, portfolio, profit, partners, planet, profit and productivity, declares that the employees need to achieve sustainable growth and great profits. Overall, the culture in Coca Cola Company properly reflects four traits, and fosters the effectiveness in the whole organization. What is more, both before and a fter the change, the company has been emphasized the aggressiveness on sales for a long time.It is easy to arouse some immoral competitions between the companies and the employees. But after the implementation of the â€Å"manifesto for change† policy (Gordon, 2008), which is aimed to improve environment responsibilities, self-discipline at corporate level and social responsibilities. Therefore, the ethic of the organization has been improved significantly, which makes the Coca Cola Company a better and more stable workplace. However, there are two shortcomings in the current culture. First, the Coca Cola Company has hesitated to reinvest and take risks.In 2005, the Coca Cola Company introduced 2 new products, the Coke Zero and the Diet Coke. Luckily, the Diet Coke took the Pepsi cola’s place and became the No. 2 soda in the US. Unfortunately, the company only improved its product based on its original products. Although Coca Cola has raised the new missions of carryin g out health and fitness, due to its resistance to change and one step slower than Pepsi, it has merely no effect. This is exactly the liability of strong culture—resistance to change. Considering the long run sustainable growth, the company should encourage innovation and all employees’ participation.At first, reduce barriers of information flows within the organization. Managers must make sure that people can access resources whenever they need. Secondly, reward employees for practical ideas. Management should not only provide premium to creativity ideas, but try to find out and stratify employees’ internal needs. Thirdly, participation can always help to overcome resistance to innovation. When employees actually involve into the organization, they would realize some flaws of existing products. And this will stimulate them to get fascinating thoughts and ideas.Lastly, it is necessary to get supports and encouragements from managers. Moreover, company can intro duce new members to speed up the change because new blood can always bring fresh visions into organization. Second, currently, the Coca Cola Company is outcome orientation and aggressive on sales. In order to match with its new culture, the company should better move towards the strong establishment of basic values and assumption. Therefore, the company can turn to other direction and explode a new dimension of culture for a better fit.First of all, pay more attention to the customers and employees by fulfilling the healthy ideas and assumptions penetrated to them level by level and gradually, they can harbor those views to establish a norm which is to chase a healthy lifestyle. Secondly, since the brand has already been highly recognizable, what the company needs to do next is to animate the brand. By taking actions of inventing some rituals and create more stories, it can also set up some employee orientations to share the work experiences and internalize the organization basic as sumptions.Moreover, the company needs to bring in more new members in order to better change the aggressive culture to a friendlier one. In conclusion, it is always difficult for companies to change their business culture, especially for Coca Cola, a large and stable organization with a hundred years of history. In order to keep growing and thriving, Coca Cola should try to look ahead and make internal changes to adapt to the outer environment. In fact, whether introducing new cultures or changing the current culture, managers should first let these values or beliefs infiltrate the organizational members’ minds.Only when these values and beliefs are commonly accepted by the organizational members, can they form a new culture. However, people’s values are hard to change. By increasing communication with employees, rewarding desirable behaviors, encouraging participation and offering necessary support, Coca Cola’s managers can avoid unnecessary losses. Moreover, p roper structure design can benefit large multinational corporations like Coca Cola by allocating resources and assigning personnel more efficiently and effectively.Decentralization of the organization’s structure offers more flexibility to Coca Cola’s local subsidiaries in different regions and can also reduce conflicts between departments. A hybrid structure requires Coca Cola to develop more understanding of customers’ needs, which is the most important force to push the organization forward. Overall, the analysis mentioned above illustrates that a strong business culture should always remain responsive to change, and a well-designed corporate structure is important for the organizational effectiveness. Reference Bogomolny, L. (2004). â€Å"Thirst for change. Canadian Business, Vol. 77 Culhane, D. (2008, February). Blog logs a culture change: Coca-Cola's short-term Blog Blast takes the pulse of employees on key company values. Communication world. Retrieved f rom http://www. entrepreneur. com/tradejournals/article/173021690. html Denison, R. D. , ; Mishra, K. A. (1995). Toward a Theory of Organizational Culture Effectiveness. DOI: 10. 1287/orsc. 6. 2. 204 Fox, A. (2007, November). Refreshing a beverage company’s culture. HR Magazine, Vol. 52, No. 11. Retrieved from http://www. shrm. org/Publications/hrmagazine/PastIssues/2007/Pages/200711. spx Foust, D. (2006, August 7). Queen of pop. BusinessWeek, Retrieved from http://www. businessweek. com/magazine/content/06_32/b3996401. htm Gordon, D. (2010). Manifesto For Change. Retrieved from http://www. scribd. com/doc/24111308/Manifesto-for-Change Macarthur, K. (2004, May 10). Hiring of Isdell is classic Coca-Cola. Advertising Age. 75, 3-68. Martin, A. (May 27, 2007). Coke Struggles to Keep Up With Nimble Rivals. Retrieved from http://www. nytimes. com/2007/05/27/business/yourmoney/27coke. html? pagewanted=1;sq;st=nyt;scp=87 Martin, B. Wilcox, S. ; Harris, R. 2000). Committee on Manageme nt and Productivity. Transportation Research Board, NW: Washington, DC. McKay, B. , ; Terhune, C. (2004). Bottled up — behind Coke's CEO travails: A long struggle over strategy; although profits are strong, rivals are gaining cachet; all-star board calls shots; search for a red bull fighter. Wall Street Journal (Eastern Edition), A1. Radic. D. (2004). An Enterprise Odyssey. International Conference Proceedings. p. I. 27. Solar site index. (2007). Retrieved from http://www. solarnavigator. net/sponsorship/coca_cola_chairman_neville_isdell. tm The Coca Cola Company. (2011). Retrieved from http://www. 123HelpMe. com/view. asp? id=148943. The Coca Cola Company. (2010). Retrieved from: http://www. thecoca-colacompany. com/careers/unique_culture. html http://www. thecoca-colacompany. com/ourcompany/mission_vision_values. html The Coca Cola Company. (2010). Forward Looking Statements. Retrieved from http://www. thecoca-colacompany. com/investors/pdfs/10-K_2010/03_Coca-Cola_Item1. pd f Appendix Chart 1 Quarterly Stock Price Chart (2001-2010) Retrieved from http://www. thecoca-colacompany. com/

Frankenstein-main themes essays

Frankenstein-main themes essays In her novel Frankenstein, Mary Shelley explores a wide range of themes concerning human nature through the thoughts and actions of two main characters and a host of others. Two themes are at the heart of the story, the most important being creation, but emphasis is also placed on alienation from society. These two themes are relevant even in todays society as technology brings us ever closer to Frankensteins fictional achievement. First, lets examine the alienation from society suffered by Frankensteins monster. The cause of his ostracism was his horrific physical appearance. It was so bad that people would not even allow him the chance to speak or get to know the person behind the hideous face. Shelley is criticizing the importance appearance plays in defining our roles as members of society. The monster knows all too well how people will receive him and so tries to appeal to a blind man, the only type of person who could be dependent on him. Sadly for the wretch, the blind man had others on whom he could depend as well, and upon seeing him caused a stir. His one chance at gaining acceptance thus ruined. This causes his anti-social behavior, a problem we deal with presently. Alienation from society causes violent lashings out at the world that rejected him. We have seen this recently with the school shooting at Columbine. The two boys responsible for the bloodshed claimed that their motive was the daily ostracism they had to endure from other students. So too was this the torturous daily routine for the Shelleys monster. And when Frankenstein rejected him, he sought to make Victor an empathizer by killing those whom he loved. Perhaps less than revenge, the monster only wanted someone to know what it is like to be alone and denied love. This brings us the theme of creation, which really contains smaller sub-themes. There is the relationship between the creator and...

Teaching Life Skills in the Classroom

Teaching Life Skills in the Classroom Life skills  are the skills that children need to be eventually become successful and productive parts of their society. They are the kinds of interpersonal skills that allow them to develop meaningful relationships, as well as more reflective skills that allow them to see their actions and responses critically and become happier adults. For a long time, this kind of skills training was the province of the home or church. But with more and more children - typical as well as special needs learners - showing life skills deficits, its become more and more a part of school curriculum. The goal is for students to achieve transition: going from children in school to young adults in the world. Life Skills Vs. Employment Skills Politicians and administrators often beat the drum for teaching life skills as a pathway to employment. And its true: Learning how to dress for an interview, answer questions appropriately and be part of a team are useful for professional careers. But life skills can be more general - and fundamental - than that.   Heres a list of crucial life skills and suggestions for implementing them in the classroom: Personal Accountability Teach personal responsibility or accountability by setting up a clear framework for students work. They should know to complete learning tasks on time, hand in assigned work and to use a calendar or agenda for school and home assignments and longer-term projects.   Routines In the classroom, routines include class rules such as: follow directions, raise your hand before speaking, remain on task without wandering, work independently, and cooperate by following the rules. Interactions Skills to be addressed through a lesson plan include: listening to others in large and small groups, knowing how to take turns, contributing appropriately, sharing, and being polite and respectful during all group and classroom activities. At Recess Life skills dont stop during lesson time. At recess, crucial skills can be taught, such as sharing equipment and sports items (balls, jump ropes etc.), understanding the importance of teamwork, avoiding arguments, accepting sports rules, and participating responsibly. Respecting Property Students need to be able to care appropriately for both school and personal property. This includes keeping desks tidy; returning materials to their proper storage locations; putting away coats, shoes, hats etc. and keeping all personal items organized and accessible. While all students benefit from life skills curriculums, it is especially helpful for special needs children. Those with severe learning disabilities, autistic tendencies, or developmental disorders only benefit from day-to-day responsibility. They need strategies in place to help them learn the essential life skills. This list will help you set up tracking systems and work with students to enhance those necessary skills. Eventually, self-tracking or monitoring can be achieved. You may want to devise a tracking sheet for specific areas to keep the student focused and on target.

The term paper is mostly a critique of Graddy's paper Essay

The term paper is mostly a critique of Graddy's paper - Essay Example The study that was undertaken by Graddy focused on over 400 restaurants from franchises that included Wendy’s, Burger King, Roy Rodger’s, and KFC. The pricing data was collected by using the result of studies done by Card and Krueger from 1994, with the income and race information coming from the census information of 1990. As the Graddy work is dated 1997, the time period for which the data is collected is appropriate, but will reflect the 1990s rather than looking towards the future. The reasons for using the data from fast food restaurants seems to be sound as it was an industry chosen for its product duplication across markets inside the United States. Graddy notes that previous studies of a similar type were done in reference to supermarket prices, but did not distinguish between the observable differences between race and income. Graddy dates the last study of that type to have been done in 1982, thus suggesting further that this area of inquiry has been neglected . In more recent studies to the date of the Graddy work, the topic of racial differences in price points was discussed concerning difference in automobile prices where Caucasian and African American customers were concerned where identical automobiles were quoted with different prices where one race was compared to another. African American buyers were routinely quoted a significantly higher price than Caucasian buyers. The nature of the way in which prices are determined, it seems, often has a relationship to race. In the Graddy study, she points out that this point is proven according to the work that she has done due to her work that shows that meal prices are at a difference of 5% when the population of a neighborhood is at 50% or more for an African American population. The initial study from which Graddy gathers her data from is based upon the work of Card and Krueger who surveyed restaurants in New Jersey and Eastern Pennsylvania in February and March of 1992 and then once mo re in November and December 1992. The survey questioned 473 stores with only 410 stores responding which gave a 87% response rate. For the first set, valid responses were gathered from 387 stores, with the second phase having success with 376 stores. Grady correlated this information with zip codes, first calling the individual stores, and then verifying that information with zip code directories. This information was then correlated with the information from the census in order to create valid information about place and price information in regard to race distribution in the areas of study. The information that was correlated for the race and price distribution section was then correlated in such a way as to add dimension to the study. The data was correlated with information from the 1992 Uniform Crime Reports Crime in New Jersey and Crime in Pennsylvania that was gathered from both the New Jersey and Pennsylvania police departments. After all the data was collected and correlate d, 322 restaurants had provided enough information to make the necessary relationships within the study which included information about starting wage, number of employees, and crime rates. The first table in the

JCPenney Research and Analysis Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

JCPenney Research and Analysis - Assignment Example are operating under this Company (J.CPenny)Mostly its stores are located in big shopping malls and some in power stores. Due to this strategy J.C Penny became very popular shopping Company among the people. J.C Penney is also trying to contribute in opening the stores like standalone stores, to follow the consumer desires, keeping in mind what its competitors are providing to the public. The success of J.C. Penney grew over time because of its strong logo name, advertisement; pricing strategy which grabbed the public’s attention towards it. J.C. Penney suddenly fell down and faced the serious issues regarding its income. Due to swift drop in income, J.C. Penney pulled itself back into its earlier form and also brought the changes in its stores. Issue faced by J.C. Penney was the lack of communication with its consumers. The consumers didn’t have the clarity about the schemes and the down quality of the products, and left confused.It was effective to the middle class people earlier, all this new ideas, good deals& information on products, reasonable pricing. But J.C. Penney failed to fulfill its strategy of ‘everyday low price ‘approach in comparison to ‘Wal-Mart’, which turned in the interest of customer’s disappointments. J.C. Penney has put its whole effort to satisfy its customers against ‘Wal-Mart’ pricing strategy, but it couldn’t keep it up (Its Over For J.C. Penney). When Ron Johnson became the new CEO of J.C. Penney he faced a number of problems regardi ng J.C. Penney. During the recession period 2009 to 2011, J.C. Penney’s net income fell from 18billion dollars to 17billion dollars, and sales went to 150 dollars per square foot. Among the department stores criteria this figure of sales lies at the rank of lower third. Suddenly this Company lost its identity. J.C. Penney’s target was the middle class families, who can’t

General Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

General Management - Essay Example 7 6. How Is Culture Transmitted To Employees Of An Organization? Explain The Four Primary Transmission Modalities And Provide Two Relevant Examples Of Each. 9 References 10 1. When Hedin Asks For Your Professional Advice, Will You Recommend All Outsiders Or A Mix Of Employees And Outsiders To Fill The Director Positions? Justify Your Answer With Sensible Arguments Supported By Examples. Directors play an imperative role in business management in the modern day context. They are not only responsible for determining the organizational policies, but are also accountable for the overall performance of the company. To be precise, evaluation of the organizational performance, planning of the organizational operations, executing the planning and re-evaluating the overall performance, i.e. the overall management functions are programmed and controlled by the directors (Wisconsin Rivers, n.d.). Therefore, it is quite important for the potential directors to be experienced and qualified to dea l with the challenges to organize and execute the management operations of the business. The directors for an organization can be recruited both from the external environment of the organization, i.e. an outsider and also from the internal environment of an organization, i.e. the employee of the organization (Mittal, 2007). ... On the similar context, recruiting employees of the organization as its director can raise the limitations of adequate and dependable qualifications and skills to perform the duty of the board of directors (Hermalin, 2004). Even in this case, it would be preferable to choose directors from internal as well as external environment which will mitigate the constraints of hiring only outside directors or internal directors with due consideration to their skills and qualifications in terms of academics and also in terms of personal traits. This in turn will reward enhanced performance of the organization. 2. Explain How Present Day Managers Convert Potential â€Å"Threats† Into â€Å"Opportunities†. You May Use Examples To Elaborate The Answer. In the modern day phenomenon, it is of no doubt that small businesses are facing remarkable stress in terms of increasing competition in almost every sector of the corporate world. In such a situation, it is quite certain that almost every manager will tend to grab the opportunities served by the business environment and mitigate the potential threats which are likely to obstruct the achievement of the organization. In order to face the challenges raised from steep competition, managers in the present day are becoming more focused on the conversion of potential â€Å"Threats† into expected â€Å"Opportunities† for their businesses (Hitt & Et. Al., 2010). Evidences have revealed that managers in the 21st century often apply strategies in order to convert potential â€Å"Threats† into advantageous â€Å"Opportunities†. Most of the strategies concentrate on the innovation and creation of fresh products and/or services with the assistance of modern technologies and greater emphasis on research and

Elements of gambling Essay Example for Free

Elements of gambling Essay There are two elements of Gambling, including game of chance and gambling mentality. Chance means people cannot control the outcome of an event but with possibility of winning. Player wagers money on irreversible bet in which the outcome relies on chance. Gambling mentality means the willing to take risk. To gamble on something is to take a risk on something in which the stake is involved. Pathological Approach to problem gambling Problem gambling is defined as pathological gambling under APA DSMVI. Pathological gambling is an impulsive control disorder in which there is a chronic and progressive failure to resist impulses to gamble. The concept of addiction of gambling is similar to alcohol and drug addiction in APA model. Gambling is a kind of process addiction. Gamblers enjoy the excitement, tension and anticipation over than the outcome of a gambling event. Gamblers described having the feeling of â€Å"high† similar to that experienced form cocaine in â€Å"outer-body†. There is a dominance in which people have intense preoccupation with gambling to the exclusion of other interests. There is also a problem of tolerance. It means gamblers will eventually spend more money than they intended on gambling, they will lose track of time and control over money betted. In other words, they will gamble from simple to complex high risk and high return betting. We can also see the gamblers have withdrawal symptoms, like irritable, nervous angry and restless. Action gambler Mahjong Tends to be arrogant Desire to control Self-centered, insecure, disregard for authority Easily frustrated, impatient and demanding Highly competitive but given up on the conventional way of competition Attracted to competitive games and those required skills Likely men who started their gambling activities at an earlier state. Gambling gives them a sense of self-enhancement and self-expression Escape gambler Lack of confidence / no self-esteem due to insufficient knowledge and skills Games with no skills involved, e. g. slot machine because no one will judge them Likely to be women who began gambling much later in life than action gamblers Gambling is an emotional reaction to whatever personal or relationship issues they are trying to escape from. Later pathological explanations on problem gambling All pathological gamblers were involved in social gambling for a period of time before they lost control over gambling A significant stressor or greater exposure to gambling often precipitated the sudden onset of pathological gambling. Modern Pathological explanations on problem gambling Modern pathology theories do not argue for determinism but instead rely on the concept of probability- in the sense of â€Å"the relative frequency of occurrence†, â€Å"relative chances of happening†- explain pathological gambling. E. g. Medical Model Medical Model-BlumeAn explanation for deviant behavior that locates its source within the individual and assumes that the behavior is the result of physiological, constitutional, or organic characteristics of the person interacting with the environment. Different psychological and physiological causes of gambling:1. Genetic abnormality that provide a predisposition for disease 1 / 2 2. Mental illness- resulting from obsession or a compulsion3. Abnormal level of dopamine=/=occurrence of sickness It depends on its interaction with other risk factors e. g gender, family influence, ageSolution: Counseling and financial management Weakness: Classical -gt; Ambiguous judgement.

Marketing Information Systems (MkIS) Support for the Marketing Management Process :: essays research papers

Marketing Information Systems (MkIS) Support for the Marketing Management Process Introduction More and more, companies are faced with the need to control an ever larger and rapidly changing marketing environment. The information processing requirements of companies are expanding as their competitive environment becomes more dynamic and volatile (Child, 1987). To handle the increasing external and internal information flow and to improve its quality, companies have to take advantage of the opportunities offered by modern information technology (IT) and information systems (IS). Managing marketing information by means of IT has become one of the most vital elements of effective marketing. By collecting and sharing marketing information and by using it to promote corporate and brand image, IS offer new ways of improving the internal efficiency of the firm. IS allow dynamic marketing communication between personnel in corporate planning, accounting, advertising and sales promotion, product management, channels of distribution and direct sales. These systems also relate to marketi ng strategy, marketing planning and the entire marketing management process. IS span the boundary between the organization and its environment by connecting the customers and partners to the firm ¢s warehouse, factory and management. Today interorganizational relationships and interorganizational information systems (IOS) have become a common form for processing transactions and there are many examples of IOS that create electronic linkages between firms (see Bakos, 1991; Cash and Konsynski, 1985). IT has a key role in new flexible organization forms such as strategic partnerships and cross-functional networks. New organizations will be designed around business processes rather than functional hierarchies (Rockart and Short, 1989) and we will face the need for new kinds of IS in marketing. In fact, IS will be the cornerstone of new approaches to marketing. Management and systems designers should therefore be better aware of the avenues available to integrate marketing and management processes in new innovative ways. The objectives of this empirical survey among Finnish wholesale companies are threefold. First, we evaluate which information included in marketing information systems (MkIS) has been important in providing support for the marketing management process. Second, we analyse what improvements in marketing and sales have been realized by implementing MkIS to support the marketing management process. Third, we investigate, in more detail, what operational MkIS sub-systems have contributed to improved effectiveness for implementing and controlling marketing efforts. In order to answer these questions we first develop the analytical framework, and then we describe the survey of 50 marketing organizations in Finland.

The Swimmer

The Swimmer Not everyone enjoys being afraid, but there are a lot of us who really enjoy the experience. Fear is an emotional response, which triggers a change in the brain and organ function, as well as in behavior. Fear may occur when facing danger such as a threat or a confrontation. Fear can lead us to flee, hide, or fight. Nevertheless, sometimes fear can also be what drives us to cross our own boundary and do what we long to do. The short story â€Å"The Swimmer† by S. Butler deals with a woman whose fear for being watched by others, keeps her from doing what she really wants. Her sudden desire for fear draws her closer and ends up making her do something even more fearsome, which luckily turns out to help her being set free. The story has an all-knowing third person narrative technique with focus on the protagonist and the setting around her. The short Story Starts by using the first five sentences to present the weather. â€Å"Three weeks of windless sun†. This establishes the overall setting for the reader.The setting is basically described as being a hot summer day, which has lasted for three weeks, with no cooling wind, and the suns heat burning on the ground. The cooling and moving water is in contrast to the clouds and the wind. â€Å"Nothing moves except the water†. There is a longer introduction to the water but it continuous from a different perspective. This leads to an introduction of both the water but also the main character. â€Å"She sits at her desk in the back room gazing out at the river. Where it rounds the first bend there's an eddy as the current twists out into the middle†¦ . J. S Butler is using sentences like the one above to set focus on the importance of the protagonist and the setting and thereby indirectly ailing the reader that the woman and the lake are of significance to the story. The main character is a woman who is sitting at a desk with her window open, which gives her a view to a lake nearby. Throughout the story, her job seems to be of less and less importance to her; meanwhile her interest in the lake grows. This comes to show in some of her thoughts while working: â€Å"No one has passed for at least three hours†.Unlike her work, the woman feels some kind of fascination towards the lake while working. Whether or not she is ratiocinating from her work by using the summer heat, as an excuse to take a swim in the lake is unclear at this point, but she – despite her fear of being watched while swimming -? makes the decision to go down to the lake. All ready before making this decision she had put her swimwear near her, which indicates that she had had the idea of taking a swim before, but had been reluctant about actually going.However, taking the initiative to go doesn't mean she overcame her fear. Due to the fact that it's a hot summer day, she defies her fear and goes into the lake. Out on the river path she takes long fast steps†. In addition, she is very aware Of the fact that if she hesitates, she might turn around and go back to her desk. In the water, she finds a swan. Its beauty amazes her and while knowing that it can be a very dangerous animal, she feels drawn by the fear. While trying to get closer to the swan, she spends a lot of time in the lake, which gradually helps her overcome her fear.The fact that she slowly overcomes her fear the first time and her new interest for the swan, she found the courage to go into the lake once more, and once more, and once more, each time getting closer to the swan and later on close enough to touch it. The woman's observations made from a distance indicate that the swan is dead, but also alive. â€Å"It doesn't hiss, nor arch its wings†. This brings a somewhat mysterious element to the story. The swan of course is a symbol, and the lag of movement and the fact that the swan doesn't really notice the woman, could suggest that it is dead already.However, warm blood blends in to the water, which indicates that the swan is alive. She thinks -? and the orator describes it as if – the swan where caught up in some of the fishermen's net, as it flew down onto the water. The swan has probably been caught up in the net for some time and has been suffering a lot. Like the woman, the swan, was probably fascinated by the waters beauty and decided to fly onto the Water. The Woman and the swan have both been drawn towards the water, because of the heat, but the swan is more relatable to the women then one might think. The woman can relate to the feeling of being held back.Of course, there is a entrant between being held back physically and held back by fear. Meanwhile the swan is trapped, the woman began to spend more and more time observing the swan, and be more and more attached to it. â€Å"She cannot stop thinking about the swan†. The fear she felt disappeared, as if it was a decreasing exponential equation to the time she spends in the lake. As a product of this decreasing fear, the woman began to untie herself from the reluctant and fear controlled life she had had. â€Å"Untwisting the line where the bird bound itself in its struggle†.There are many similarities between the caught up swan and the â€Å"caught up† woman. They are both struggling to get free and their endings have somewhat similar traits. Without the help of the woman, the swan could not get free. And without the â€Å"help† of the swan, the woman probably wouldn't have been freed from her fear of swimming in the lake. The theme of fear in the story is expressed by the main character s development. Other subsystems such as person development, mental freedom, helping others and the beauty of nature, are all shown in the legislation the woman establishes with the swan.Of course, the overall themes are fear and overcoming fear, but also themes such as unhappiness and maybe even the female role as the weak gender comes to show as possible th emes, however these are somewhat out of focus and thereby not central themes. The similarities between the woman and the swan suggest that the narrator is describing the same situation twice but from the different perspectives. The Swimmer The Swimmer Not everyone enjoys being afraid, but there are a lot of us who really enjoy the experience. Fear is an emotional response, which triggers a change in the brain and organ function, as well as in behavior. Fear may occur when facing danger such as a threat or a confrontation. Fear can lead us to flee, hide, or fight. Nevertheless, sometimes fear can also be what drives us to cross our own boundary and do what we long to do. The short story â€Å"The Swimmer† by S. Butler deals with a woman whose fear for being watched by others, keeps her from doing what she really wants. Her sudden desire for fear draws her closer and ends up making her do something even more fearsome, which luckily turns out to help her being set free. The story has an all-knowing third person narrative technique with focus on the protagonist and the setting around her. The short Story Starts by using the first five sentences to present the weather. â€Å"Three weeks of windless sun†. This establishes the overall setting for the reader.The setting is basically described as being a hot summer day, which has lasted for three weeks, with no cooling wind, and the suns heat burning on the ground. The cooling and moving water is in contrast to the clouds and the wind. â€Å"Nothing moves except the water†. There is a longer introduction to the water but it continuous from a different perspective. This leads to an introduction of both the water but also the main character. â€Å"She sits at her desk in the back room gazing out at the river. Where it rounds the first bend there's an eddy as the current twists out into the middle†¦ . J. S Butler is using sentences like the one above to set focus on the importance of the protagonist and the setting and thereby indirectly ailing the reader that the woman and the lake are of significance to the story. The main character is a woman who is sitting at a desk with her window open, which gives her a view to a lake nearby. Throughout the story, her job seems to be of less and less importance to her; meanwhile her interest in the lake grows. This comes to show in some of her thoughts while working: â€Å"No one has passed for at least three hours†.Unlike her work, the woman feels some kind of fascination towards the lake while working. Whether or not she is ratiocinating from her work by using the summer heat, as an excuse to take a swim in the lake is unclear at this point, but she – despite her fear of being watched while swimming -? makes the decision to go down to the lake. All ready before making this decision she had put her swimwear near her, which indicates that she had had the idea of taking a swim before, but had been reluctant about actually going.However, taking the initiative to go doesn't mean she overcame her fear. Due to the fact that it's a hot summer day, she defies her fear and goes into the lake. Out on the river path she takes long fast steps†. In addition, she is very aware Of the fact that if she hesitates, she might turn around and go back to her desk. In the water, she finds a swan. Its beauty amazes her and while knowing that it can be a very dangerous animal, she feels drawn by the fear. While trying to get closer to the swan, she spends a lot of time in the lake, which gradually helps her overcome her fear.The fact that she slowly overcomes her fear the first time and her new interest for the swan, she found the courage to go into the lake once more, and once more, and once more, each time getting closer to the swan and later on close enough to touch it. The woman's observations made from a distance indicate that the swan is dead, but also alive. â€Å"It doesn't hiss, nor arch its wings†. This brings a somewhat mysterious element to the story. The swan of course is a symbol, and the lag of movement and the fact that the swan doesn't really notice the woman, could suggest that it is dead already.However, warm blood blends in to the water, which indicates that the swan is alive. She thinks -? and the orator describes it as if – the swan where caught up in some of the fishermen's net, as it flew down onto the water. The swan has probably been caught up in the net for some time and has been suffering a lot. Like the woman, the swan, was probably fascinated by the waters beauty and decided to fly onto the Water. The Woman and the swan have both been drawn towards the water, because of the heat, but the swan is more relatable to the women then one might think. The woman can relate to the feeling of being held back.Of course, there is a entrant between being held back physically and held back by fear. Meanwhile the swan is trapped, the woman began to spend more and more time observing the swan, and be more and more attached to it. â€Å"She cannot stop thinking about the swan†. The fear she felt disappeared, as if it was a decreasing exponential equation to the time she spends in the lake. As a product of this decreasing fear, the woman began to untie herself from the reluctant and fear controlled life she had had. â€Å"Untwisting the line where the bird bound itself in its struggle†.There are many similarities between the caught up swan and the â€Å"caught up† woman. They are both struggling to get free and their endings have somewhat similar traits. Without the help of the woman, the swan could not get free. And without the â€Å"help† of the swan, the woman probably wouldn't have been freed from her fear of swimming in the lake. The theme of fear in the story is expressed by the main character s development. Other subsystems such as person development, mental freedom, helping others and the beauty of nature, are all shown in the legislation the woman establishes with the swan.Of course, the overall themes are fear and overcoming fear, but also themes such as unhappiness and maybe even the female role as the weak gender comes to show as possible th emes, however these are somewhat out of focus and thereby not central themes. The similarities between the woman and the swan suggest that the narrator is describing the same situation twice but from the different perspectives.